Respondent

Shelemba Marta Mykhaylivna

Theme

Features of the process of nationalization of the party system of Ukraine: theoretical and empirical dimensions

Defence Date

07.05.2019

Annotation

The thesis is devoted to the implementation of a comprehensive political analysis of the peculiarities of the process of nationalization of the party system of Ukraine using the three methodological approaches (American (M. Johns and S. Meinwering), Russian (G. Golosov), Ukrainian (author’s modified approach)) the study of the state and changes of the process of nationalization of the party system of Ukraine was conducted. An assessment of changes in this process was carried out taking into account the influence of the main factors of influence, formulated in accordance with the domestic conditions of development.

In the process of determining the list of factors of influence, the necessity of introducing the factor of centralism, which is an integral part of the political regime, has been proved. It is indicated that this factor characterizes the identification of a significant predominance of representation of party deputies in elections in certain territorial units of a higher level, in particular, the capital. It is established that the isolation of this factor is relevant for the domestic conditions of the development of the party system of Ukraine.

The contemporary empirical methods of studying the level of nationalization of the party system, presented in the works of R. Roulz, D. Urwin, D. Boschler, M. Johns and S. Meinwering’s, G. Golosov, are considered. Based on these methods, a modified approach was developed to analyze the state of nationalization of the party system, which was created on the basis of the synthesis of statistical analysis and analysis of party-electoral homogeneity. It is proved that this approach is based on the approach of G. Golosov, adapted to the Ukrainian principles of the development of nationalization of the party system of Ukraine. It was determined that within the framework of the modified approach for the first time in political science it was proposed to evaluate the state of the indicated indicator through the prism of the three components that characterize the nationalization of the parties according to the results of the parliamentary elections in the regions, the nationalization of the parties for candidates from political parties in the regions, the nationalization of the parties according to the results of elections to local authorities municipality. The aforementioned approach includes an analysis of the state, problems, directions and peculiarities of the development of the nationalization of the party system of Ukraine.

The existence of a direct relationship between the emergence, development of regional political forces and the nationalization of the party system of Ukraine, deviance (non-typical) of electoral behavior of the regions was determined. The main scientific approaches to the characterization and typology of regional parties in Ukraine are researched. The proposal to expand the existing typology through the introduction of such categories of regional parties as the projects of local elites, regional parties oriented on pro-Russian policy in Ukraine, technical political parties, which are beginning active activities before the elections, have been proposed, helping to ensure the passing of local bodies of self-government to certain persons. It has been established that in the period of 1994–2015, there were such regional political forces in Ukraine, in particular ideological (disappeared after 2002), pro-Russian political parties, pro-government (administrative) political parties, projects of local elites, party-projects of well-known personalities, technical parties, ethnic parties, etc. Some of these political forces, as the study materials show, constitute a separatist threat to the national security of the country, others are focused on the realization of the interests of local elites, the passage of certain people to power at various levels.

Key words: political party, party system, nationalization of the party system, factors of influence, factor of centralism, regional typology, deviance of regions.

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